Food debris can easily get trapped and biofilm bacteria (dental plaque) can develop in the pits and fissures on the chewing surface of permanent teeth. This promotes the development of tooth decay, despite adequate brushing.
Once the permanent premolars and second molars have completed their eruption (somewhere between the ages of 7 and 15), if the pits are deep, the dentist could recommend sealing.
Combined with good hygiene, this treatment, performed by a dental hygienist, helps prevent caries on chewing surfaces.